Although several studies have explored the attitudes of teachers and students towards CALL, there has been little research regarding students' insights and impressions. We agree with Kessler and Plakans (2001, p. 15) when they state that in the process of evaluating materials ‘learners must be included, as they are also experts of their learning as well as the benefactors of well‐developed materials’. With this in mind, we undertook a study in which students were given the opportunity to express their opinions about the software they used in the multimedia laboratory. The sample was made up of 59 undergraduates who completed a questionnaire. The conclusion to be drawn is that students clearly see software programs as a complementary tool in the foreign language classroom.Évaluation par les étudiants des programmes d'informatique. Bien que plusieurs études aient exploré les attitudes des enseignants et des enseignés envers le CALL, il y a eu peu de recherches sur les vues et impressions des étudiants. Nous sommes d'accord avec Kessler et Paklans (2001, p. 15) quand ils déclarent que dans le processus d'évaluation des documents les étudiants doivent être inclus car ils sont aussi experts de leur apprentissage aussi bien que les bénéficiaires de documents bien conçus! Dans cet esprit nous avons entrepris une étude dans laquelle les étudiants ont eu l'occasion d'exprimer leurs opinions sur le logiciel qu'ils utilisent dans le laboratoire multimédia. L'échantillon était constitué de 59 « undergraduates » qui ont rempli un questionnaire. La conclusion à en tirer est que les étudiants voient clairement ces logiciels comme un outil complémentaire dans la classe des langues étrangères.Evaluation von CALL Software Programmen durch Studenten. Obwohl verschiedene Studien die Einstellungen von Lehrern/Dozenten und Schülern/Studenten dem CALL-Programm gegenüber untersucht haben, ist bislang wenig über die Eindrücke und Erlebnisse der Schüler und Studenten geforscht worden. Wir stimmen mit Kessler und Plakans (2001, S 15) überein, wenn sie behaupten, dass man im Prozess der Evaluierung des Materials 'die Lerner einbeziehen sollte, da sie einerseits Experten ihres eigenen Lernprozesses sind und andererseits von gut entwickelten Materialien profitieren'. Dies berücksichtigend führten wir eine Studie durch, in der den Studenten die Gelegenheit gegeben wurde, ihre Meinungen über die Software, die sie im Multimedia-Labor nutzten, darzulegen. Die Stichprobe bestand aus 59 Studenten, die einen Fragebogen ausfüllten. Die Schlussfolgerung war, dass Studenten Softwareprogramme eindeutig als ergänzendes Werkzeug im Fremdsprachenunterricht betrachten. 相似文献
The renaissance frescoes of the metropolitan cathedral of Valencia, located at the vault of the apse, were restored in 2006. We describe a microclimate monitoring system that was implemented for the preventive conservation of the paintings. It is comprised by a set of temperature and relative humidity sensors positioned at different points of the vault. This system is rather unique because some of these sensors were inserted inside the paintings during the restoration process. A principal components analysis was applied to the data of relative humidity recorded in February 2007. The analysis was repeated in three additional months of 2007. The resulting loading plots highlight the most relevant similarities and dissimilarities among sensors. These plots can be considered as some sort of control maps that could be used to detect abnormal conditions in the future. Actually, moisture problems at certain zones of the frescoes are causing the formation of efflorescence, and the sensors located close to these zones are the ones recording the highest values of relative humidity. 相似文献
The approach of learning science through inquiry presents significant challenges for teachers and students. In light of this, an extensive experience has been developed in which students without any previous training or specific interests have been organized into small groups to carry out scientific inquiry projects guided by their teachers. Evaluation of the experience is clearly positive, and is based on questionnaires completed at the end of the experience by the students as well as retrospective reports provided by their teachers. Despite this, some problems are presented, such as the difficulty or repetitiveness of some scientific practices mentioned by some students, or when the inquiry or the group does not work out in some cases, as mentioned by teachers. Scientific inquiry projects like the one described here could play a key role in science education in compulsory secondary education. 相似文献
This paper examines the determination of wage rates for health professionals using three well known, and commonly used, econometric
techniques: ordinary least squares, instrumental variables, and Heckman’s method. The data come from a graduate survey and
the analysis focuses on a regional labor market, due to nationwide information on salaries is absent in Spain. After estimating
different wage equations, the results suggest that OLS estimates are preferable. The findings show an important wage premium
for medical doctors relative to nurses, but also a wage advantage for workers who are civil servants and a gender wage-gap
that favors men. Although the expansion of higher education in Spain has reduced social inequalities in access, the main policy
implication from this paper is that social class differences can still persist at the degree level—in the choice of degree—if
students of higher socioeconomic status get a place at university in a degree of higher earnings, a fact that is corroborated
in this study. 相似文献
The relationship between abilities and skill acquisition has been the subject of numerous controversies in psychology. However, while most researchers implicitly or explicitly accept the idea that abilities and skill acquisition should be related, empirical research has failed to provide evidence for a consistently strong correlation between the two constructs. Based on the reanalysis of a study on skill acquisition using the air traffic controller task TRACON [Ackerman, P. L., Kanfer, R., and Goff, M. (1995). Cognitive and Noncognitive Determinants and Consequences of Complex Skill Acquisition. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Applied, 1(4), 270–304], it will be shown how latent growth curve modeling can help to gain a better understanding of the relationship between human abilities and skill acquisition. A brief introduction into the basic concepts of latent growth curve modeling will be given, particularly with regard to the advantages for the analysis of skill acquisition and its determinants. The goal is thereby to provide evidence for a much closer association than commonly assumed and to offer a new, differential, perspective formerly obscured by traditional between-subject analyses. 相似文献
This paper describes the workundertaken in a course in communication andinformation technology in a pre-service programfor secondary school mathematics teachers. Thiscourse aimed to help pre-service teachersdevelop a positive attitude regarding ICT anduse it confidently. It focused on theexploration of educational software and of theInternet's potential as a means of research andproduction of web sites. We discuss how thepre-service mathematics teachers evaluate theirwork concerning their commitment, difficultiesthey found, learning they identified, andpersonal relationship. We also analyse theeffects of the course on the development oftheir professional knowledge and identity. 相似文献
We compared the professional and curricular conceptions of two samples of secondary education science teachers in Spain, who differed in their years of teaching experience and in whether or not they had participated in a long‐duration scientific‐pedagogical refresher course. Using the data from their responses to a questionnaire, we analysed aspects of their professionalism as teachers (motivation and work satisfaction) and aspects of the curriculum related to content, teaching methods and evaluation. The results show a broader professionalism and a higher level of satisfaction in the case of the teachers with more experience and a higher level of professional training. We found significant differences in whether the pupils' ideas were regarded as erroneous, and in whether laboratory practical work was used to test theory. We conclude by setting out a series of reflections with the aim of working towards improving teachers' ‘professional development’.
Dans cet article, nous comparons les représentations professionnelles et curriculaires de deux échantillons de professeurs de Sciences de l'Enseignement Secondaire en Espagne, selon leur ancienneté et leur éventuelle participation à un cours de remise à niveau scientifique et pédagogique de longue durée. À partir des réponses à un questionnaire, nous avons analysé certains aspects professionnels, tels que la motivation et le degré de satisfaction dans l'exercice de la profession, de même que certains aspects curriculaires touchant les contenus, la méthodologie et l'évaluation. Les résultats démontrent un professionalisme plus important et un plus haut degré de satisfaction chez les professeurs les plus expérimentés et les mieux formés. Nous avons également trouvé des différences significatives en ce qui concerne la prise en compte des idées fausses des élèves ou la mise en place de travaux pratiques en laboratoire pour vérifier la théorie. Il en découle une série de réflexions dans le but d'améliorer le ‘parcours professionnel’ des enseignants.
En este artículo se comparan las concepciones profesionales y curriculares de dos muestras de profesores de Ciencias de Educación Secundaria españoles que difieren en los años de docencia y en la realización o no de un curso de actualización científico‐pedagógica de larga duración. Con los datos de un cuestionario, se analizaron aspectos de la profesionalidad docente, como la motivación y satisfacción en el ejercicio de la profesión, y aspectos curriculares, relacionados con los contenidos, la metodología de enseñanza y la evaluación. Los resultados revelan una profesionalidad más extensa y un mayor nivel de satisfacción en el caso de los profesores con más experiencia y mejor formados. Asimismo, se han encontrado diferencias significativas en asuntos tales como la consideración de las ideas de los alumnos como errores o la realización de prácticas de laboratorio para comprobar la teoría. A partir de ello se plantean una serie de reflexiones que buscan mejorar el ‘desarrollo profesional’ del profesorado.
In disem Artikel werden die Ansichten zu Beruf und Lehrerinhalten von zwei Gruppen von spanischen Erziehungwissenschaftern verglichen, die Pädagogik für den Unterricht an Sekundarschulen lehren und sich darin unterscheiden, dass sie eine unterschiedliche lange Berufserfahrung haben und einige sich wissenschaftlich in zeitlich länger befristeten Kursen fortgebildet haben, andere aber nicht. Die Ergebnisse eines Fragebogens wurden ausgewertet, um bestimmte Aspekte zu untersuchen, die die Arbeit der Dozenten betrifft, so zum Beispiel die Motivation und Zufriedenkeit bei der Ausübung des Berufs sowie Aspekte des Lehrplans, die Unterrichtinhalte, die Methodologie und Fragen der Evaluation betreffen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Dozenten mit größerer erfahrung und besser wissenschaftlicher Ausbildung vielseitiger in profesioneller Hinsicht sind und einen höheren grad an Zufriedenkeit aufweisen. Des weiteren konnten wesentliche unterschiede in Punkten wie der Bewertung von Schülerfelehrn oder bei der Durchführung von Praxisstunden im Labor, die der Anwendung der gelernten Theorie dienen, gefunden werden. An diesen Ergebnisse schlieben sich Reflexionen darüber an, wie die berufliche ‘Entwicklung und Fortbildung’ der Dozenten verbessert werden kann. 相似文献
